Translation of "Axon" into Icelandic

structure is only found as a part of neuronal cells and transfers information to other neurons by contacting them via the synapse. Axon The axon is a specialized structure unique to neurons. It serves to transmit information to other neurons, muscle cells, or glands. Key characteristics of axons include: 1. Information transfer: Axons carry electrical signals (action potentials) away from the neuron's soma to its target cells. 2. Synaptic contact: At the axon terminal, axons form synapses, where neurotransmitters are released to communicate with postsynaptic cells. 3. Structure: Axons are typically long and thin, optimized for rapid signal conduction. They are often insulated by a myelin sheath to enhance the speed of transmission. Axons are fundamental to the nervous system's ability to coordinate complex functions, including reflexes, perception, and voluntary movement.

A long, slender projection of a neuron that conducts electrical impulses away from the soma.

• throughout neuron, numerous in neurites • no rough ER extends into the axon • few, if any, free ribosomes in mature axons • protein composition of axone membrane differs from soma membrane diameter: <1μm-25μm in humans the thicker, the faster • no protein synthesis in axon (only in soma) • special membrane serves as wire: send signals over long distances: from <1mm to >1m • axon collaterals to other cells • to same cell (auto-feedback) recurrent collaterals • beginning: hillock • middle: axon proper • end: terminal bouton or axon terminal [..]

The long process of a neuron that conducts nerve impulses, usually away from the cell body to the terminals and varicosities, which are sites of storage and release of neurotransmitter.