Translation of "Neuroimaging" into Icelandic

neuroimaging A set of methods that generate images of the structure and/ or function of the brain. In many cases, these methods allow us to examine the brain in living, behaving humans. electroencephalography (EEG) A technique that, using many electrodes on the scalp, measures electrical activity from populations of many neurons in the brain. event-related potential (ERP) A measure of electrical activity from a subpopulation of neurons in response to particular stimuli that requires averaging many EEG recordings. magnetoencephalography (MEG) A technique, similar to electroencepha-ography, that measures changes in magnetic activity across populations of many neurons in the brain. single

1.5. The essential activities of all neurons, including those involved in sensory processes, are chemical and electrochemical. Neurons communicate with each other through neurotransmitters, molecules that cross the synapse from the axon of one neuron to the dendrite of the next. Nerve impulses are electrochemical; voltages change along the axon as electrically charged sodium and potassium ions pass in and out of the membranes of nerve cells. 1.6. Recordings of individual neurons enable us to measure the lowest level of a stimulus required for a neuron to fire (absolute threshold). Both the rate and the timing pattern of neuronal firing provide additional information about how the brain encodes stimuli in the world.

1. 7. Neuroimaging methods have revolutionised the study of sensation and perception by allowing us to study the brain in healthy, living human observers. Useful methods include electroencephalography (EEG), magnetoencephalography (MEG), positron emission tomography (PET), and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Each comes with its own combination of temporal and spatial properties, making one method suitable for researching some questions and other methods more suitable for other questions.