Translation of "Retina" into Icelandic

● The human eye contains a retina—a membrane with approximately 120 million cells called photoreceptors, which absorb light rays and convert them into electric signals.

● Í sjónhimnu mannsaugans (einnig nefnd sjóna) eru um það bil 120 milljónir ljósnæmra frumna sem nema ljósgeisla og breyta þeim í taugaboð.

2.8. The retina sends information to the brain via ganglion cells, neurons whose axons make up the optic nerves. Retinal ganglion cells have centre-surround receptive fields and are concerned with changes in contrast (the difference in intensity between adjacent bits of the scene). 2.9. Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a disease associated with aging that affects the macula. The leading cause of visual loss among the elderly in the United States, AMD gradually destroys sharp central vision, making it difficult to read, drive, and recognise faces.

2.10. Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a family of hereditary diseases characterized by the progressive death of photoreceptors and degeneration of the pigment epithelium. In the most common form of the disease, patients first notice vision problems in their peripheral vision and under low-light conditions—situations in chich rods play the dominant role in collecting light. 2.11. Several exciting developments are aimed at restoring sight in individuals with blinding retinal diseases.