Translation of "top-down" into Chinese

Culturally appropriate interventions cannot be designed in a vertical and top-down fashion.

不能以垂直和自上而下的方式设计文化上适当的干预措施。

In order to combat land degradation, bottom-up and top-down participatory management approaches that foster income-generating activities are required.

为了防治土地退化,需要采取自下而上和自上而下的参与性的鼓励创收活动的管理做法。

so it's probably not the result of a top-down approach

所以这并不太可能是一种自顶向下方法的结果,